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1 Stibitz, George R.
SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology[br]b. 20 April 1904 York, Pennsylvania, USA[br]American mathematician responsible for the conception of the Bell Laboratories "Complex " computer.[br]Stibitz spent his early years in Dayton, Ohio, and obtained his first degree at Denison University, Granville, Ohio, his MS from Union College, Schenectady, New York, in 1927 and his PhD in mathematical physics from Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, in 1930. After working for a time for General Electric, he joined Bell Laboratories to work on various communications problems. In 1937 he started to experiment at home with telephone relays as the basis of a calculator for addition, multiplication and division. Initially this was based on binary arithmetic, but later he used binary-coded decimal (BCD) and was able to cope with complex numbers. In November 1938 the ideas were officially taken up by Bell Laboratories and, with S.B.Williams as Project Manager, Stibitz built a complex-number computer known as "Complex", or Relay I, which became operational on 8 January 1940.With the outbreak of the Second World War, he was co-opted to the National Defence Research Council to work on anti-aircraft (AA) gun control, and this led to Bell Laboratories Relay II computer, which was completed in 1943 and which had 500 relays, bi-quinary code and selfchecking of errors. A further computer, Relay III, was used for ballistic simulation of actual AA shell explosions and was followed by more machines before and after Stibitz left Bell after the end of the war. Stibitz then became a computer consultant, involved in particular with the development of the UNIVAC computer by John Mauchly and J.Presper Eckert.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Emanuel R.Priore Award 1977.Bibliography1957, with J.A.Larrivee, Mathematics and Computers, New York: McGraw-Hill. 1967, "The Relay computer at the Bell Laboratories", Datamation 35.Further ReadingE.Loveday, 1977, "George Stibitz and the Bell Labs Relay computer", Datamation 80. M.R.Williams, 1985, A History of Computing Technology, London: Prentice-Hall.KF -
2 GG
1) Геология: Golden Gate2) Американизм: General Government3) Военный термин: Grenadier Guards, ground guidance, ground-to-ground4) Техника: double star green-green, generator gas, glazing glass, groove gage5) Шутливое выражение: Gallanatron's Glory, Gambits Girlfriend, Genetic Girl, Genie Girls, Girly Girl, Good Gawd, Green Goblin, Gutsy Girl6) Страхование: Gdynia or Gdansk7) Автомобильный термин: ground-grip8) Грубое выражение: Girl Goat, Gorgeous Girl, Grey Girl9) Политика: Georgia10) Психология: goal gradient11) Сокращение: Girl Guides, Governor General, Grenadier Guards (British Army)12) Физиология: Gamma globulin13) Литература: Galloping Governors Toastmasters Club14) Нефть: gamma-gamma ray log, geothermal gradient15) Фирменный знак: General Gaming, Global Group16) Экология: Green Gas, Greenhouse Gases17) Имена и фамилии: Galileo Galilei, George Granville18) Должность: Gateway Guardian, Good Girl, Graduate Gemologist, Great Grandma19) Чат: Gorgeous Guys, Great Gal, Grinning Gregariously20) Программное обеспечение: Geek Gadgets -
3 gg
1) Геология: Golden Gate2) Американизм: General Government3) Военный термин: Grenadier Guards, ground guidance, ground-to-ground4) Техника: double star green-green, generator gas, glazing glass, groove gage5) Шутливое выражение: Gallanatron's Glory, Gambits Girlfriend, Genetic Girl, Genie Girls, Girly Girl, Good Gawd, Green Goblin, Gutsy Girl6) Страхование: Gdynia or Gdansk7) Автомобильный термин: ground-grip8) Грубое выражение: Girl Goat, Gorgeous Girl, Grey Girl9) Политика: Georgia10) Психология: goal gradient11) Сокращение: Girl Guides, Governor General, Grenadier Guards (British Army)12) Физиология: Gamma globulin13) Литература: Galloping Governors Toastmasters Club14) Нефть: gamma-gamma ray log, geothermal gradient15) Фирменный знак: General Gaming, Global Group16) Экология: Green Gas, Greenhouse Gases17) Имена и фамилии: Galileo Galilei, George Granville18) Должность: Gateway Guardian, Good Girl, Graduate Gemologist, Great Grandma19) Чат: Gorgeous Guys, Great Gal, Grinning Gregariously20) Программное обеспечение: Geek Gadgets -
4 Land transport
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Austin, HerbertHamilton, Harold LeeIssigonis, Sir Alexander Arnold ConstantineMa JunMorris, William RichardSauerbrun, Charles de -
5 Railways and locomotives
Biographical history of technology > Railways and locomotives
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6 Electricity
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